Tools

python案例(四) 图片批量缩放程序，并打包为exe

阅读：695 发布：2018-06-19 作者：lypeng

tkinter学习完了，一个实际应用：批量缩放图片，Linux下就用imgresize.py，Windows下使用打包好的imgresize.exe文件

> 批量缩放图片，之前一直是用的PS中的动作命令，虽然说也快捷，但要打开ps-》新建动作-》打开图片执行，相比直接输入Python imgresize.py繁琐了一点！

tkinter教程推荐：《<a href="https://www.baidu.com/link?url=KNA1vWQ1a1SERhBt9b1_3nZKzW7O1ZPYQWDix2DmkzkScwSeQNT_imPt0CBsCtRnRg6meyrZ4fPHYKczHuDOKhCRHAI2hMwK3FwlJMHKhku&ck=3876.4.9999.250.559.489.428.3319&shh=www.baidu.com&wd=&eqid=9762238900054a88000000035b28aa3f " target="_blank">莫烦Python之tkinter教程</a>》

放效果图：

![打包好的EXE程序](/uploads/image/5b28ade0a5d4e.jpg "打包好的EXE程序")

图一 打包好的EXE程序，247M，还是比较大的

![GUI界面与运行效果图](/uploads/image/5b28ae0160c13.jpg "GUI界面与运行效果图")

图二 GUI界面

![文件夹界面](/uploads/image/5b28ae2991fff.jpg "文件夹界面")

图三 实际文件夹情况

## 图片批量缩放，单独Python部分

执行流程：
1. 遍历文件夹中的图片保存到列表
2. 判断宽高是否超过给定尺寸，如果没有，直接复制到新文件夹，超过则缩放后，在新文件夹中生成新文件
3. for循环图片列表，执行步骤2

代码如下：
```python
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
import os
import shutil #拷贝文件用

class MyImageResize(object):
    def __init__(self,from_path=,save_path=,new_width,new_height):
        self.from_path = from_path
        self.save_path = save_path
        self.new_width = float(new_width)
        self.new_height = float(new_height)
    def get_image_from_dir(self):
        #遍历目录，返回图片list
        ext = ['jpg','jpeg','gif','png','bmp']
        con = os.listdir(self.from_path)
        # print(con)
        res = []
        for i in con:
            # imgext = os.path.splitext(i)[1].lower()
            imgext = i.split('.')[-1].lower()
            if imgext in ext:
                res.append(i)
        return res
    def resize_image(self,imgurl):
        #获取图片宽高尺寸
        img = Image.open(self.from_path + os.sep + imgurl)
        w,h = img.size
        # 如果宽高都小于给定值，800*600，直接复制到新文件夹
        if float(w)<=float(self.new_width) and float(h)<=float(self.new_height):
            shutil.copy(self.from_path + os.sep + imgurl,self.save_path + os.sep + imgurl)
            return
        # 裁剪开始
        if (w/self.new_width) > (h/self.new_height):
            scale = 1.0*w/self.new_width
            new_im = img.resize((int(w/scale), int(h/scale)), Image.ANTIALIAS)
        else:
            scale = 1.0*h/self.new_height
            new_im = img.resize((int(w/scale),int(h/scale)), Image.ANTIALIAS)
        new_im.save(self.save_path + os.sep + imgurl)
        new_im.close()

def main(self):
        res = self.get_image_from_dir()
        # print(res)
        for i in res:
            self.resize_image(i)
        print('resize finish!')

if __name__=='__main__':
    from_path  = '/home/uploads/lypeng/Pictures'
    save_path  = '/home/uploads/lypeng/Pictures/new'
    new_width  = 800 #最大宽度不超过800px
    new_height = 600 #最大高度不超过600px
    if (not os.path.exists(save_path)):
        os.mkdir(save_path)
    myobj = MyImageResize(from_path,save_path,new_width,new_height)
    myobj.main()
```

## GUI界面部分

界面介绍：两个文件夹选择输入框，两个宽高普通文本输入框，一个执行按钮，还有退出与关于的菜单栏

代码部分：
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectory

# 窗口设置部分
window = tk.Tk()
window.title('批量图片缩放GUI界面')
window.geometry('450x200')

# pack(side='top')
# for i in range(3):
#     for j in range(3):
#         tk.Label(window,text=j+1+3*i).grid(row=i,column=j,padx=10,pady=10)
def selectPathf():
    path_ = askdirectory()
    path_from.set(path_)
def selectPaths():
    path_ = askdirectory()
    path_save.set(path_)

def execute_main():
    path_from = pf.get()
    save_from = sf.get()
    new_width = nw.get()
    new_height = nh.get()
    print(path_from+save_from+new_width+new_height)
    # pass

path_from = tk.StringVar()
path_save = tk.StringVar()
new_width = tk.StringVar()
new_height = tk.StringVar()

tk.Label(window,text='图片文件夹:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=20,anchor='nw')
pf = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=path_from,width=30)
pf.place(x=120,y=20)
tk.Button(window,text='选择路径',command=selectPathf,bg='#3385ff',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=350,y=20)

tk.Label(window,text='保存文件夹:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=50,anchor='nw')
sf = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=path_save,width=30)
sf.place(x=120,y=50)
tk.Button(window,text='选择路径',command=selectPaths,bg='#3385ff',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=350,y=50)

tk.Label(window,text='缩放最大宽度:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=80,anchor='nw')
nw = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=new_width,width=30)
nw.place(x=120,y=80)

tk.Label(window,text='缩放最大高度:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=110,anchor='nw')
nh = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=new_height,width=30)
nh.place(x=120,y=110)

tk.Button(window,text='执行',command=execute_main,font=('MS Sans Serif',12),bg='#3385ff').place(x=100,y=140)

def about():
    tk.messagebox.showinfo(title='about',message='author: lypeng.com; version: 1.0')

menubar = tk.Menu(window)
filemenu = tk.Menu(menubar,tearoff=0)
menubar.add_cascade(label='File',menu=filemenu)
filemenu.add_command(label='About',command=about)
filemenu.add_command(label='Exit',command=window.quit)
window.config(menu=menubar)

window.mainloop()
#mainloop,指窗口会不停的循环，监听一些输入点击的事件，然后响应
```

## 两者合二为一，最终代码
两个class类，GUI界面始终运行mainloop，点击执行按钮，调用MyResize类缩放，执行完成showmessage弹窗～
```python
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
import os
import shutil #拷贝文件用
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectory
class MyGui(object):
    def selectPathf(self):
        path_ = askdirectory()
        self.path_from.set(path_)

def selectPaths(self):
        path_ = askdirectory()
        self.path_save.set(path_)
    def about(self):
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title='about',message='author: lypeng.com; version: 1.0')

def window_main(self):
        window = tk.Tk()
        window.title('批量图片缩放')
        window.geometry('450x200')
        self.path_from = tk.StringVar()
        self.path_save = tk.StringVar()
        self.new_width = tk.StringVar()
        self.new_height = tk.StringVar()

tk.Label(window,text='图片文件夹:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=20,anchor='nw')
        self.pf = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=self.path_from,width=30)
        self.pf.place(x=120,y=20)
        tk.Button(window,text='选择路径',command=self.selectPathf,bg='#3385ff',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=350,y=20)

tk.Label(window,text='保存文件夹:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=50,anchor='nw')
        self.sf = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=self.path_save,width=30)
        self.sf.place(x=120,y=50)
        tk.Button(window,text='选择路径',command=self.selectPaths,bg='#3385ff',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=350,y=50)

tk.Label(window,text='缩放最大宽度:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=80,anchor='nw')
        self.nw = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=self.new_width,width=30)
        self.nw.place(x=120,y=80)

tk.Label(window,text='缩放最大高度:',font=('MS Sans Serif',12)).place(x=10,y=110,anchor='nw')
        self.nh = tk.Entry(window,textvariable=self.new_height,width=30)
        self.nh.place(x=120,y=110)

tk.Button(window,text='执行',command=self.execute_main,font=('MS Sans Serif',12),bg='#3385ff').place(x=100,y=140)

menubar = tk.Menu(window)
        filemenu = tk.Menu(menubar,tearoff=0)
        menubar.add_cascade(label='File',menu=filemenu)
        filemenu.add_command(label='About',command=self.about)
        filemenu.add_command(label='Exit',command=window.quit)
        window.config(menu=menubar)
        window.mainloop()
    def execute_main(self):
        from_path = self.pf.get()
        save_path = self.sf.get()
        new_width = self.nw.get()
        new_height = self.nh.get()
        if (not os.path.exists(save_path)):
            os.mkdir(save_path)
        myobj = MyImageResize(from_path,save_path,new_width,new_height)
        myobj.main()

class MyImageResize(object):
    def __init__(self,from_path,save_path,new_width,new_height):
        self.from_path = from_path
        self.save_path = save_path
        self.new_width = float(new_width)
        self.new_height = float(new_height)
    def get_image_from_dir(self):
        #遍历目录，返回图片list
        ext = ['jpg','jpeg','gif','png','bmp']
        con = os.listdir(self.from_path)
        # print(con)
        res = []
        for i in con:
            # imgext = os.path.splitext(i)[1].lower()
            imgext = i.split('.')[-1].lower()
            if imgext in ext:
                res.append(i)
        return res
    def resize_image(self,imgurl):
        #获取图片宽高尺寸
        img = Image.open(self.from_path + os.sep + imgurl)
        w,h = img.size
        # 如果宽高都小于给定值，800*600，直接复制到新文件夹
        if float(w)<=float(self.new_width) and float(h)<=float(self.new_height):
            shutil.copy(self.from_path + os.sep + imgurl,self.save_path + os.sep + imgurl)
            return
        # 裁剪开始
        if (w/self.new_width) > (h/self.new_height):
            scale = 1.0*w/self.new_width
            new_im = img.resize((int(w/scale), int(h/scale)), Image.ANTIALIAS)
        else:
            scale = 1.0*h/self.new_height
            new_im = img.resize((int(w/scale),int(h/scale)), Image.ANTIALIAS)
        new_im.save(self.save_path + os.sep + imgurl)
        new_im.close()

def main(self):
        res = self.get_image_from_dir()
        # print(res)
        for i in res:
            self.resize_image(i)
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title='status',message='successful! ')

if __name__=='__main__':
    mygui = MyGui()
    mygui.window_main()
```

## 在Windows中打包

1. 把上述代码拷贝到Windows系统中，命名为：imgresize.py
2. cd 文件目录，执行pyinstaller -w -F imgresize.py
3. 在该文件夹的dist中即可看到EXE文件，如图一
4. 输入参数执行，如图二、三

------本文结束感谢阅读------

上一篇：将Python的GUI打包成一个exe程序

下一篇：django体验（一）跟着文档走 part1+part2